Interesting little tidbit. Civil contempt of court jail time is not pardonable by the President.

«If the Trump administration continues to evade court orders, Bagenstos says judges have a number of tools at their disposal. They could issue more specific orders directed toward individuals responsible for violations, or even hold them in civil contempt of court, which can include jail time, and which cannot be undone with a presidential pardon.»

https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/feb/23/trump-nih-health-medical-research